Maritime Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms

Use of individual carrier/rail equipment through a central agency for the benefit of carriers and ship- pers.

Metal strip and lead fastener used for locking freight car or truck doors. Seals are numbered for record purposes.

Any member of a very abundant and widespread class of natural organic substances, compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, that includes the sugars, starch, and cellulose.

An element forming a large number of compounds, many of which have important uses. Diamond and graphite are amongst the main forms of carbon. Coals are elemental carbon mixed with varying amounts of carbon compounds; coke and charcoal are nearly pure carbon. All organic compounds, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, contain carbon, and all plant and animal cells consist of carbon compounds and their polymers.

The solid, impure carbon deposits (coke) left behind by burned hydrocarbon fuels. The industry uses two tests, Conradson carbon (Con Carbon) and Ramsbottom carbon to measure oils' tendency to form such solids.

A substance or physical agent that is capable of causing cancer. For the purposes of classification by the GESAMP experts they are subdivided into the following three categories Animal Carcinogen- a substance that has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals, but for which there is no evidence that the substance can cause cancer in humans Human carcinogen- a substance for which there is a documented credible evidence that the material causes cancer in humans Epigenetic Carcinogen- a substance capable for causing cancer by mechanisms not involving direct interaction with genetic material

A barge equipped with tracks on which up to approximately 12 railroad cars are moved in harbors or inland waterways.

Freight loaded into a ship.

A manifest that lists all cargo carried on a specific vessel voyage.

Cargo Not Otherwise Specified. Usually the rate entry in a tariff that can apply to commodities not covered under a specific item or sub– item in the applicable tariff.

Cargo reserved by a Nation’s laws for transportation only on vessels registered in that Nation.Typically the cargo is moving due to a direct or indirect support or activity of the Government.

Most ocean freight is billed on the basis of weight or measurement tons (W/M). Weight tons can be expressed in short tons of 2000 pounds, long tons of 2240 pounds or metric tons of 1000 kilos (2204.62 pounds). Measurement tons are usually expressed as cargo measurement of 40 cubic feet (1.12 meters) or cubic meters (35.3 cubic feet.)

is the area bounded by the east coasts of North, Central and South America; and a line from the east coast of the United States in latitude 32 o 30'N to a point 20oN: 60 o W, thence to a point 10oN : 50 oW , and thence south to the coast of South America.

A rate applicable to a carload of goods.

A customs document permitting the holder to temporarily carry or send merchandise into certain for- eign countries (for display, demonstration or similar purposes) without paying duties or posting bonds. Any of various Customs documents required for crossing some international borders.

A natural constituent which gives crude palm oil its bright orange-red colour and which is normally destroyed by the high temperatures in the refining and/or deodorisation processes. It is also partially destroyed by oxidation under adverse conditions of production, storage and transport of crude palm oil. This may result in a deteriorated crude that is difficult to bleach during refining. Carotene is often added back to manufactured food products to colour them for customer appeal. Physiologically carotene has Vitamin A activity. In view of this, some palm oil processors are now modifying their processors to produce refined, deodorised palm oil products with high residual levels of B-carotene; these still being bright orange/red in colour. Chemically, carotene is a conjugated poly-unsaturated hydrocarbon which, together with related carotenoid compounds, may be estimated using a spectrophotometer to measure light absorbence at the wavelength of 446 nm.

Any person or entity who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of carriage by rail, road, sea, air, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.

A certificate required by U.S. Customs to release cargo properly to the correct party.

Usually refers to intra–city hauling on drays or trucks. Same as drayage.

Customs form permitting in–bond cargo to be moved from one location to another under Customs control, within the same Customs district. Usually in motor carrier’s possession while draying cargo.

Condition Assessment Survey

Method of payment for goods in which documents transferring title are given the buyer upon payment of cash to an intermediary acting for the seller, usually a commission house.

A method of payment for goods in which the buyer pays the seller in advance of the shipment of goods. Usually employed when the goods, such as specialized machinery, are built to order.

A method of payment for goods in which cash is paid at the time of order and the transaction becomes binding on both buyer and seller.

A stationary vessel fitted out as a floating casino.

Oil from Ricinus communis produced mainly in India, Brazil and China. Castor oil differs from all other common oils in being rich (~90%) in the hydroxyl acid, ricinoleic. Castor oil is a source of several important oleochemicals including Turkey-red oil, 12-hydroxystearic acid, dehydrated castor oil, heptanal, 10-undeconoic acid, 2-octanol and sebacic acid.

The motor fuel-blending component produced by catalytic cracking units.

see CAT GASOLINE. Some refiners could, if their markets made it desirable, hydrotreat cat gasoline to make a naphtha suitable for some use other than motor fuel blending, such as steam cracker feedstock.

A catalyst is a substance which, when added to the components of a chemical reaction, speeds up the rate of that reaction but does not itself become involved chemically. An example of such compounds in the edible oil context is nickel used in hydrogenation.

These refinery units, also widely known as cat crackers and FCC's (for fluid catalytic crackers) or FCCU's, convert heavy distillate, most commonly vacuum gasoil, to lighter fractions. Refiners use them, basically, to break molecules which boil in the heavy distillate range to shorter, more volatile hydrocarbon chains suitable for making motor gasoline.

The process of breaking up heavier hydrocarbon molecules into lighter hydrocarbon fractions by use of heat and catalysts. See also cracking.

The charge fed to a catalytic cracker. Common usage generally restricts this term to describing vacuum gasoils

Electrode at which the cathodic reaction predominates

Electrochemical protection achieved by decreasing the corrosion potential to a level at which the corrosion rate of the metal is significantly reduced

NaOH = Sodium hydroxide. A corrosive substance due to its high pH

(BH) Continent between Bordeaux and Hamburg

Carbon black feed stock

Cubic Feet

Cubic feet

Cubic feet

Cubic feet

Cubic Feet

Cubic Feet

Cubic Feet

Cable

Cubic meters

Cubic Meter

Cyprus Bureau of Shipping

Clean Ballast Tanks: Applies only to Pre-MARPOL vessels which adopted COW instead of converting to SBT when MARPOL 73/78 entered into Force. When operating as a "Products" tanker (typically with Fuel Oil), COW is not available so vessel adopts "CBT" mod

Condition of Class

Cubic centimeter per hour

Cubic centimeter per minute

Communist Controlled Countries or Customs Cooperation Council

A mark or label indicating the cargo conforms to standards required by China for certain products.

Clean Petroleum Products

Cargo Control Room

Closed Circuit Television

Chart Datum; Customary Despatch

Chemical distribute Institute: A chemical industry ship inspection process and database. Managed through joint representation by charterers and ship managers.

Consumption Entry: The process of declaring the importation of foreign–made goods for use in the United States.

A mark or label indicating the cargo conforms to standards required by the European Union for certain products.

Center Tank

European Chemical Industry Council

European Confederation of Wood Industries

The construction system employed in container vessels; permits ship containers to be stowed in a vertical line with each container supporting the one above it

A single deck cargo vessel fitted with pumping arrangements for the carriage of cement in bulk. There are no weather deck hatches. May be self discharging

A barge with pumping facilities for loading & discharging cement.

Council of European National Shipowners Associations

The point of equilibrium of the total weight of a containership, truck, train or a piece of cargo.

Also known as Celsius degrees. A temperature scale according to which water boils at 100 and freezes at 0. Centigrade, or Celsius, degrees convert to Fahrenheit degrees by the following formula: (C x 1.8) + 32=F.

The unit, commonly abbreviated cSt, of kinematic viscosity which reports a liquid's resistance to flow in terms of its measured viscosity divided by its density.

Substances having different densities will separate by gravity. For example, oil is lighter than water and easily forms a separate upper layer. The effect of gravity can be accentuated by increasing the strength of the gravitational force, for example by spinning at high speed within the inner rotating parts of centrifuge machines. Centrifuging is often used in oil mills for the separation of impurities and water from the oils, in alkali refining to remove soap and water washes and in fractionation, using detergent solutions, to separate wetted fatty crystals from the liquid olein, etc.

European Council of the Paint, Printing Ink and Artists' Colors Industry, an association affiliated to Cefic.

A document certifying that merchandise (such as perishable goods) was in good condition immediately prior to its shipment. The document issued by the U.S. Coast Guard certifying an American. Flag vessel’s compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

A certified document showing the origin of goods; used in international commerce.

Centre Européen des Silicones

see CETANE NUMBER

An estimated diesel fuel performance rating which relies on samples' API gravity and mid-point CI=-420.34 + 0.016G2 + 0192G log M + 65.01 (LOG M)2-0.0001809M2 where G= API gravity and M=mid-point in F

A performance indicator for diesel fuel analogous to the octane rating applied to gasolines. The more paraffinic the gasoil, the higher its cetane number.

Cubic feet

Cubic feet per hour

Chloro/Fluoro Compound

Cubic feet of gas

China Focus Group

Cubic feet of gas per day

Cubic feet of gas per hour

Cubic feet of gas per minute

Code of Federal Regulations (USCG)

Cost and Freight (named port of destination) Seller must pay the costs and freight to bring the goods to the port of destination. However, risk is transferred to the buyer once the goods are loaded on the vessel (this rule is new!). Maritime transport only and Insurance for the goods is NOT included. This term is formerly known as CNF (C&F). The four rules defined by Incoterms 2010 for international trade where transportation is entirely conducted by water are: FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF

A Term of Sale where the seller pays the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destina- tion, Terms of Sale but the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as (continued) well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered on board the vessel, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship’s rail in the port of shipment. The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.

Container freight station

Cubic Feet per Second or Container Freight Station

Cargo

Chain locker (OCIMF acronym)

Continent between Le Havre and Hamburg

Customs house agent

Charterer’s agents both ends

This terms has a chemical and commercial usage in the oil business. It describes the strands of carbon atoms (carbon chains) fundamental to hydrocarbon molecules. It also serves as a designation for the strings of transactions assembled to settle a

a natural or man-made deeper course through a reef, bar, bay, or any shallow body of water, often used by ships.

see Feedstock