Tide Over
At first glance, this would seem to be an obviously nautical term. Today it means to make a small bit of something, usually money, last until a supply comes in, as in borrowing some money to tide you over till payday. However, the meaning has changed over the years. Once upon a time, ships could move under sail power, or in the absence of wind, float along with the tide, called a tide over. One could say the floating would tide the ship over until wind came again to move it along.
Time Bar
The expiration of the time period within which a lawsuit can be brought or arbitration commenced against a carrier for any claim under a contract of carriage. This time period is usually stipulated in the contract of carriage and can be extended or abridged by agreement of the two parties.
Time Charter
see "Charter, Time".
Time chartered vessels
"Time chartered vessels means vessels contracted for a period of 6 months or more."
Time Draft
A draft that matures either a certain number of days after acceptance or a certain number of days after the date of the draft.
Time lost waiting for berth to count as loading or discharging time or as laytime
TIME LOST WAITING FOR BERTH TO COUNT AS LOADING OR DISCHARGING TIME or AS LAYTIME shall mean that if no loading or discharging Berth is available and the Vessel is unable to tender Notice of Readiness at the waiting-place then any time lost to the Vessel is counted as if Laytime were running, or as time on Demurrage if Laytime has expired. Such time ceases to count once the Berth becomes available. When the Vessel reaches a place where she is able to tender Notice of Readiness, Laytime or time on Demurrage resumes after such tender and, in respect of Laytime, on expiry of any notice time provided in the CharterParty.
Time Swap
An exchange which involves today's barrels for tomorrow's or next week's for next month's.
Time-Charter
Lease of a ship to a charterer for a period of time rather than for the performance of a specific voyage. An elemental version of this arrangement, called a bare boat charter, works like renting an unfurnished apartment. The charterer must provide his own master and crew. In other cases the owner provides personnel and various services.
TIR
Transport International par la Route. Road transport operating agreement among European governments and the United States for the international movement of cargo by road. Display of the TIR carnet allows sealed containerloads to cross national frontiers without inspection.
Titration
The strength of a chemical solution is often determined by reacting the chemical with another in measured amounts. Knowing the chemical reaction involved and the amount of the second reactant, the amount of the first reactant can be calculated. The process of reacting and matching the two solutions is called titration. One example is the determination of free fatty acid content by titration with an alkali.
Titre Test
The titre is the highest temperature reached during the crystallisation of fatty acids under controlled cooling conditions. It is an important characteristic of inedible fats used for soap making or as a raw material for acid manufacture and it is also an indication of the firmness of natural fats.
TMSA
Tanker Management Self Assessment: The Tanker Management and Self Assessment (TMSA) programme provides ship operators with a means to improve and measure their own management systems. The programme encourages ship operators to assess their safety managem
To Average Laytime
TO AVERAGE LAYTIME shall mean that separate calculations are to be made for loading and discharging and that any time saved in one operation is to be set off against any excess time used in the other.
To Know the Ropes
There was miles and miles of cordage in the rigging of a square rigged ship. The only way of keeping track of and knowing the function of all of these lines was to know where they were located. It took an experienced seaman to know the ropes.
Tocopherol
A natural antioxidant found in vegetable oils and fats. There are four naturally occurring tocopherol homologs, i.e. a-, ß-, y- and d- tocopherols. In addition, there are four analogous tocotrienols with the same chemical structures, but having three double bonds in the side chain. Palm oil contains both a tocopherol and tocotrienols. Tocopherols are also known as Vitamin E - the most active is a- tocopherol.
Toe the Line
When called to line up at attention, the ship's crew would form up with their toes touching a seam in the deck planking.
TOFA
Tall Oil Fatty Acids. An important industrial feedstock that is a by-product of the wood pulp industry. The term ""tall oil"" is derived from the Swedish word for ""pine oil"", or tallolja. Production occurs mainly in North America and Scandinavia. TOFA are obtained from crude tall oil via fractional distillation and yield between 25- 35% fatty acids (oleic and linoleic).
TOFC
Trailer on Flat Car: The movement of a highway trailer on a railroad flatcar. Also known as Piggyback.
Toll Processing
Refining or petrochemicals production done on a fee basis. A plant owner puts another party's feedstock through his equipment and charges for the service. A portion of the product retained by the processor may constitute payment. This form of compensation occurs frequently in refining because the feedstock supplier often wants only one part of the output slate.
Toluene
Gasoline blenders and petrochemicals makers continually compete for possession of this aromatic. Its high octane and low vapor pressure make it an excellent blendstock. The chance to turn it into benzene appeals to the chemical industry. Refineries and steam crackers both produce it in large quantities.
Toluene
Toluene, a colorless liquid, is an aromatic hydrocarbon used extensively as starting material for the manufacture of industrial chemicals. Its major end-products are polyurethanes.
TON
Ton of 1000 Kilos. a unit of measurement used in shipping assuming 100 cubic feet of cargo equals one ton, equals 2000 pounds and is also called a “short ton”, a “long ton” equals 2240 pounds, and a “tonne” is 2204 pounds
TON
Turn over or Transfer order
Ton Mile
Equivalent to transporting one ton of cargo over a distance of one mile.
Ton-Mile
A unit used in comparing freight earnings or expenses. The amount earned from the cost of hauling a ton of freight one mile. The movement of a ton of freight one mile.
Tonnage
Cubic capacity of a ship.
Tonne
Metric ton equivalent to 1,000 kilograms or 2204 pounds
Tons Per Inch
Ship Stability: TPI=Area of WP/420
Top–Air Delivery
A type of air circulation in a container. In top air units, air is drawn from the bottom of the container, filtered through the evaporator for cooling and then forced through the ducted passages along the top of the container. This type of airflow requires a special loading pattern.
Topping Plant
A simple refinery, one which lacks cracking and other upgrading equipment. The name comes from what such basic installations can do. They boil the straight-run light products, the top, off crude oil. The most rudimentary topping plants have no complex hardware at all. A slightly more sophisticated type adds a vacuum still to separate VGO from the crude unit's residue, but the facility would not have a cracker to convert the VGO.
Topping Yields
The product slate obtained by processing a grade of crude in a simple refinery. In everyday industry usage, the term usually means the yield from atmospheric distillation followed by naphtha reforming and finished product blending.
Topside
The sides of a ship between the waterline and the deck; sometimes referring to onto or above the deck
Torpedo Boat
A combat vessel designed for launching torpedoes, usually small and fast
Torpedo Recovery Vessel
A naval auxiliary vessel designed for recovering unexploded or training torpedoes
Torpedo Trials Vessel
A naval auxiliary vessel for testing and conducting trails on torpedoes
Totox Value
Index of the degree of oxidation in which the peroxide value and anisidine value are combined - Totox = 2PV + AV
Touch and Go
This referred to a ship's keel touching the bottom and getting right off again.
TOVALOP
Tanker Owners Voluntary Agreement to Limit Oil Pollution
Towage
Act of towing a ship.
Towboat
A towboat is a powerful boat with a flat front that pushes barges on rivers. Towboats typically have flat hulls to accommodate the shallower depths of the nation's inland waterways.
Towing/Pushing, Inland Waterways
A vessel designed for tug, towing or pushing operations. Not designed for operation in open sea
Towline
Towlines or hawsers are constructed of extremely strong synthetic materials or steel wire. When the towline connection with the barge forms a "Y" shape to reduce chafing, it is known as abridle.
Toxic
Poison which can affect personnel through inhalation, absorption or ingestion. For the purposes of this policy the term toxic is taken to include all products which give off vapours containing substances for which exposure limits are recommended as they
TP R/V or TPRV
Trans Pacific Round Voyage
TPC Immersion
the amount of tons that it takes to lower a ship's draft one centimeter
TPI
Tons per inch. Measure of vessel capacity equal to the weight of displaced water if vessel draft were to change by one inch.
TPRG
Terminal Policy Review Group
TPSG
Terminal Policy Steering Group
TQ
As found, or Just as it is
Trace Metals
Refers to metals which are present in very small amounts. Copper and iron are trace metals found in vegetable oils. The level decreases in refining and increases if there is contamination.
Tractor
Unit of highway motive power used to pull one or more trailers/containers.
Trade Acceptance
A time or a date draft that has been accepted by the buyer (the drawee) for payment at maturity.
Trading Limits
Geographical limits specified in a time charter party outside which the charterer is not allowed to operate the ship.
Traffic
Persons and property carried by transport lines.
Traffic Diversion
Any commodity flow which ceases to use the project under some project alternative or scenario.
Trailer
The truck unit into which freight is loaded as in tractor trailer combination. See Container.
Training Ship
A vessel equipped for training seafarers
Training Ship, Naval Auxiliary
A vessel used for training merchant or naval seamen.
Tramp Line
An ocean carrier company operating vessels not on regular runs or schedules.They call at any port where cargo may be available.
Tramp Shipping
The employment of ships in trades where there are no published schedules, in contrast to liner shipping.
Trans
A geometric isomer of an unsaturated fatty acid where hydrocarbons attached to the carbons comprising the double bond are on opposite sides of the carbon chain.
Trans Shipment Barge, non propelled
A non propelled pontoon used for the storage and or trans shipment of cargoes
Trans Shipment Vessel
A vessel equipped for the trans shipment of dry cargo to other vessels alongside. May also be able to store cargo until trans shipment.
Transaction Currency
The currency used on a single invoice/voucher
Transhipment
Applies to lightening operations and "ship to ship" (STS) transfers both at anchor and underway, or where vessels are "double banked" alongside a berth.
Transpassive state
State of the metal polarized to a potential value above the range of a passive state, characterized by a considerable increase of the corrosion currents but no pitting corrosion
Transport
To move cargo from one place to another.
Transportation & Exit (T&E)
Allows foreign merchandise arriving at one port to be transported in bond through the U.S. to be exported from another port, without paying duty.
Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC)
Established by Congress through the Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA) and is adminis- tered by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and U.S. Coast Guard. TWICs are tamper– resistant biometric credentials that will be issued to all credentialed merchant mariners and to workers who require unescorted access to secure areas of ports, vessels or outer continental shelf facilities.
Transship
To transfer goods from one transportation line to another, or from one ship to another.
Transshipment Port
Place where cargo is transferred to another carrier.
Transverse Axis
Ship Stability: The lateral axis passes through the ship from side to side. Rotation about this axis is called pitch. Pitch changes the vertical direction the aircraft's nose is pointing. The elevators are the primary control of pitch.
Trawler
A vessel for catching fish by trawling with nets handled over the side
Trenching Support Vessel
A vessel primarily equipped to operate submersibles for digging trenches on the sea bed for pipes and cables
Trf
Tariff: A publication setting forth the charges, rates and rules of transportation companies.
Triglycerides
See Glyceride
Trim
The difference between the fore and aft draught of the vessel. When the aft draught is greater that the forward draught, the vessel is said to be trimmed 'by the stern'. When the aft draught is greater than the forward draught, the vessel is said to be trimmed 'by the head'.
Trim
The angle at which a ship floats when viewed from the side. It can rest stern high, bow high, or on an even keel. Masters must load their ships with safe trim in mind.
Troopship
A naval auxiliary vessel. Designed for carrying troops
