stoke
The basic unit of kinematic viscosity. Most of the time, the industry uses a smaller unit, CST (centistokes). One stoke equals 100 centistokes.
STOLGOE
The Safe Transfer of Liquified Gas in an Offshore Environment
Stone Carrier
A vessel for the carriage of large stones for the construction of breakwaters and the like; stones are discharged sideways from a flat deck
Store–Door Pick–up Delivery
A complete package of pick up or delivery services performed by a carrier from origin to final con- sumption point.
Storing Operations
Whereby a vessel loads a quantity of spares, stores, victualling goods or crew effects for the consumption and/or utilisation by the vessel and her assigned personnel.
Stowage
A marine term referring to loading freight into ships’ holds.
Straddle Carrier
Mobile truck equipment with the capacity for lifting a container within its own framework.
Straight (solid) stream
Method used to apply or distribute water from the end of a hose. The water is delivered under pressure for penetration. In an efficient straight (solid) stream, approximately 90% of the water passes through an imaginary circle 38 cm (15 inches) in diameter at the breaking point. Hose (solid or straight) streams are frequently used to cool tanks and other equipment exposed to flammable liquid fires, or for washing burning spills away from danger points. However, straight streams will cause a spill fire to spread if improperly used or when directed into open containers of flammable and combustible liquids. (See also water spray)
Straight Bill of Lading
A non–negotiable bill of lading which states a specific identity to whom the goods should be delivered. See Bill of Lading.
straight-Run
A product of crude distillation as opposed to cracking. Some feedstock outlets require straight run materials. Production of catfeed, for instance, demands straight run residue.
Strauss Test
Corrosion testing in a copper sulphate solution containing sulphuric acid. Used to detect the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of stainless steel
Stray current corrosion
Impressed current corrosion caused by current flowing through paths other than the intended circuits
stream
Any hydrocarbon flow. Some uses of this general term include the product emerging from a processing unit (e.g., the naphtha stream from a crude still), the supply of a raw material or product (e.g., the natural gasoline stream from West
Streicher Test
Corrosion testing in a ferric sulphate solution containing sulphuric acid. Used to detect the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of stainless steel
Stress corrosion
Process involving conjoint corrosion and straining of the metal due to applied or residual stress
Stress relieving
Heat treatment carried out in order to reduce internal stresses in steel
Stripping
Stripping is the process of removing free fatty acids by steam distillation during physical refining. This is usually carried out in the deodoriser. This is the second operation of the palm oil mill. After sterilisation each cage is tipped into a hopper which feeds a rotating drum in which the fruit is knocked out of the bunch. Empty bunches are rejected as waste.
Stripping
The removal of the final contents of a cargo tank using equipment additional to the main cargo pumps.
Stuffing
Putting cargo into a container.
STW
Said To Weigh or Stowage
STW
Standards of Training and Watchkeeping
Styrene
Styrene is a clear, colorless liquid that is derived from petroleum and natural gas by-products, but which also occurs naturally. Styrene is used to create plastic materials used in a wide range of strong, flexible, and lightweight products. It is used in everything from food containers and packaging materials to cars, boats, and computers.
Styrenic plastics
Plastics based on resins made by the polymerization of styrene or co-polymerization of styrene with other unsaturated compounds the styrene being in greatest amount by weight. Styrene plastics are easy to process and offer excellent price/performance ratios. Polystyrenes are used everywhere: as packaging materials or containers, and in a wide range of appliance and equipment housings..
SUB
Subject to, or Substitute
Sub Stem
Subject Stem. Relating to the availability of cargo on the date or dates on which a ship is offering to load.
Sub-Panamax Vessel
a fully cellular containership that is less than the maximum dimensions to transit the Panama Canal and can carry between 2,000 and 3,000 TEUs
Subchronic (aquatic) toxicity
Adverse effects on aquatic organisms that occur largely from continuous long-term exposure to a chemical or other potentially toxic material or agent, along or in combination, but where the exposure time covers only a portion of the life cycle (lifespan) of the aquatic species tested or exposed naturally. The effects may be the result of a single exposure (e.g., to a strong acid) but more often they are the consequence of repeated or continuous long-term exposures. Subcronic toxic effects may be lethal or sublethal.
Subchronic toxicity
Effects resulting from repeated exposure to a material for 10 to 15% of the lifespan of the species; for rodents this is about three months.
Subject
A qualification on the approval to use a vessel that requires the owner or Charterer (or both) to obtain a positive response from the owner or Charterer (or both) that the vessel subject (qualification) is lifted before the vessel can be fixed (chartered)
subjects
Unresolved items which prevent confirmation of a deal. Tanker chartering and oil trading both involve negotiations which conclude "subject to" removal of some exception. A charterer might fix a ship subject to stem confirmation or subject management approval of buyer's
Submarine
A combat vessel designed to operate underwater
Submarine Chaser
A combat vessel specifically designed for the pursuit and attack of submarines
Submarine Salvage Vessel
A naval auxiliary vessel specifically adapted for the recovery of stranded submarines
Submersible
A non naval submersible craft
Subrogate
To put in place of another; i.e., when an insurance company pays a claim it is placed in the same posi- tion as the payee with regard to any rights against others.
Substance
The word "substance" is used to mean chemical elements and their compounds in the natural state or obtained by any production process, including any additive necessary to preserve the stability of the product. In the European legislation, only the word "substance" is used.
Substantial Corrosion
Substantial corrosion exists if the diminution of the structural element under consideration is in excess of 75% of the maximum allowable diminution, as defined by the vessel's Classification Society for each structural element.
Suction Dredger
A vessel equipped to obtain material from the sea bed by use of a suction pipe. The material may be carried on board, transferred to other vessels, pumped ashore or deposited elsewhere using a spray
Suction Dredger Pontoon
A non propelled dredger pontoon fitted with suction equipment
Suez Net Tonnage Volume
100 cubic feet = 1 ton of cargo carrying capacity assigned to a vessel by the Suez Canal Authority, issued on vessel''s first transit of canal. The tonnage is used to calculate fees and tolls.
Suezmax
Vessel designed for carrying bulk crude oil in tanks.(120,000 dwt - 200,000 dwt)
Suezmax Tanker
A tanker of 120,000 to 199,000dwt.
Sufferance Wharf
A wharf licensed and attended by Customs authorities.
SULCL
Set up in less than carload
sulfur
An element which contaminates crude and refined products. Its presence in troublesome or objectionable quantity makes a stream sour. Oil which contains much sulfur can corrode processing hardware, smell bad, fetch less money than sweet grades, and require various kinds
Summer Draft
"Summer draft is the vertical distance between the summer load line and the bottom of the hull."
Sunflower Oil
Sunflower oil is obtained from the decorticated seeds of the sunflower (""Helianthus Annuus""). A high quality unrefined edible oil may be obtained by cold pressing of the seeds but the bulk of the commercial product is obtained by hot pressing and solvent extraction followed by refining. Sunflower is grown extensively in the southern parts of Eastern Europe, principally the USSR, but has recently also been produced in the USA and, more important, in Western Europe (France).
Superabsorbents
Polymers of acrylic acid, superabsorbent material is widely-used in personal care products to absorb fluids. It comes in the form of large particles, about the size of table salt, that are enclosed in the interior of the product, and helps to keep skin healthy and consumers comfortable. Superabsorbent material can absorb 100 times its weight in water.
Supercargo
Person employed by a ship owner, shipping company, charterer of a ship or shipper of goods to supervise cargo handling operations. Often called a port captain
Superintendency
Practice of overseeing a project or ship as the authorized representative of a customer.
Supply Chain
A logistical management system which integrates the sequence of activities from delivery of raw ma- terials to the manufacturer through to delivery of the finished product to the customer into measur- able components. “Just in Time” is a typical value–added example of supply chain management.
Supply Platform, jack up (Lift Boat)
A supply platform, jack up (Lift Boat)
Supply Platform, semi submersible
A semi submersible offshore supply platform
Supply Tender
A vessel equipped as a general purpose supply vessel to remote communities (e.g. on islands, in the Arctic)
Surcharge
An extra or additional charge
Surface Transportation Board (STB)
The U.S. federal body charged with enforcing acts of the U.S. Congress that affect common carriers in interstate commerce. STB replaced the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) in 1997.
Surfactant
This is short for surface-active agent and is used to describe a chemical that will reduce the surface tension of water when it is added to it. This enables the water to mix with materials it would otherwise not dissolve, such as grease. Surfactants can be detergents, wetting agents and emulsifiers, but all have the same chemical ability for one end of the molecule to be attracted to water and the other to organic materials, like greases, fats or oils.
Surfactants
Surfactants, or surface active agents, are substances that, when dissolved in water, give a product the ability to remove dirt from surfaces such as the human skin, textiles, and other solids. Each surfactant molecule has a hydrophilic (water-loving) head that is attracted to water molecules and a hydrophobic (waterhating) tail that repels water and simultaneously attaches itself to oil and grease in dirt. These opposing forces loosen the dirt and suspend it in the water. Surfactants derived from fats and oils are by far the largest oleochemical market at present. Virtually all types of fats, oils and fatty acids are used in this area.
Surge
The longitudinal oscillatory linear motion about the center of gravity (origin of body axis) in the ship travel direction, usually due to wave effects; motion backward and forward (fore and aft direction) (EM 1110-2-1613).
Surging
Ship Stability: is the linear longitudinal (front/back) motion
Surtax
An additional extra tax.
survey
An assessment of oil quantity and or quality prepared by an inspection company. A loading survey, for instance, involves determination of how much crude or product a supplier pimped aboard a vessel. it may also entail taking samples of the
SW
Salt water; Shipper’s weight
SWAD
Salt Water Arrival Draft
Swaying
Ship Stability: is the linear lateral (side-to-side) motion
SWDD
Salt water departure draft
sweet
Low in sulfur content. See SOUR.
sweet Crude
Petroleum with a low sulfur content. The industry generally puts a maximum of 0.5 weight percent sulfur on sweet crude.
Sweet Crude
Crude oil that has a low sulphur content. Typically refined into gasoline and is in high demand.
sweetening
Processing to remove sulfur. Hydrodesulfurization, for instance, can produce sweet catfeed. Caustic washing can sweeten sour natural gasolines to make them suitable for motor gasoline blending.
SWL
Safe Working Load or Statutory Water Level
SWSD
Salt Water Sailing Draft
SWW
Single Swinging Winches
Symbol B
Ship Stability: Symbol for center of buoyancy or buoyant force.
Symbol G
Ship Stability: Symbol for center of gravity of the vessel.
Synergy
The combined effects of more than one hazardous material resulting in more damage than the additive effects of each material
Syngas
This is an abbreviation of synthesis gas and is applied to several kinds of mixtures that are produced by reacting steam, or steam and oxygen, with a heated carbon-containing material such as natural gas, heavy petroleum oil, coal or coke. Syngas consists mainly of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and this can then be converted to other more useful chemicals such as methanol, acetic acid, gasoline, or waxes.
Synonym
This is another name that a particular chemical or composition may be known as. A chemical can have a number of different names or synonyms. For example, METHYL ALCOHOL is the Product Name; however this cargo is also known as methanol, wood alcohol etc – these are Synonyms.
Synthesis-Synthetic
The production of a substance by the union of chemical elements, groups, or simpler compounds, or by the degradation of a complex compound.
Synthetic rubbers
Synthetic rubbers are made of raw material derived from petroleum, coal, oil, natural gas, and acetylene. Many of them are copolymers, i.e., polymers consisting of more than one monomer.
Systemic toxicity
Adverse effects produced by a substance ( or conversion products) after absorption into, and circulation by, the blood stream. Systemic effects occur in tissues remote from the site where the material comes into contact with the body, and from where it is absorbed.
Supply vessel
A vessel equipped for the transportation of spares and eequipment to installations
T
Ton (of 1000 kilos) or Tropical (loadline)
T&E
Transportation and Exportation: Customs form used to control cargo movement from port of entry to port of exit, meaning that the cargo is moving from one country, through the United States, to another country.
T&P
Theft (petty) and Pilferage
