Maritime Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms

Propylene Glycol Ethyl Ether.

Propylene Glycol Ethyl Ether Acetate

Propylene Glycol Ethers Panel (USA)

Per Geared Hatch

Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether

Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether Acetate

This acronym designates two different intermediates. See process gasoil and pyrolysis gasoil.

A measure of acidity or alkalinity on a scale of 1 to 14. 1 is strongly acidic, 7 is neutral and 14 is strongly alkaline

Port handling charges

Per hatch day

Phenanthrene is a crystalline polycyclic hydrocarbon isomeric to Anthracene. It is distilled from coal tar and is found in some coal tar oils which are used for example as wood preservatives and as carbon black feedstocks.

Phenol is an aromatic alcohol mainly used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. It essentially serves as a raw material for the production of bisphenol A, phenolic resins, alkylphenols and caprolactam.

Phenolic resins are manufactured from phenol. They are used in wood products and molding powders applications, and also have a wide range of applications on the electrical, mechanical and decorative markets, in the automotive industry, in building and construction, in thermal insulation products and in foundry industry products.

Philippines

Port health officer

These are lipids which contain combined phosphoric acid in their chemical composition. Phosphatides (or phospholipids) are important structural and functional constituents of the membranes of biological tissue and are also the major constituent of the gums of unprocessed oils and fats. The residual phosphatides in the crude oil have to be removed by pretreatment (degumming and/or neutralisation) and earth adsorption in the first stages of refining.

Phosphorus is a chemical element which has an important functional role in the phospholipid molecule. During the refining of oils and fats, it is important to remove the phosphorus before high temperature treatment in the deodoriser. Therefore, analysis of phosphorus provides useful information to the technologist. The analysis is usually carried out by a colour reaction after charring and ashing the oil sample or, alternatively, in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. To convert phosphorus to phospholipids, a multiplication factor of 25 to 30 is used.

A substance which is converted in the skin circulation by light into a derivative capable of causing skin sensitization

A substance which is converted in the skin circulation by light into a derivative capable of causing local irritation

Per Hatch Per Day

Phthalates, or phthalate esters, are manufactured by the reaction of phthalic anhydride with one of a variety of alcohols ranging from methanol to tridecanol. They are predominantly used as plasticizers to soften the popular plastic PVC and to a lesser extent in non-PVC applications such as paints, rubber products, adhesives and some cosmetics.

A physical hazard is one in which harm could be caused to humans or wildlife as a consequence of the physical properties of chemical, e.g., stickiness or viscosity

In simple terms, physical refining may be defined as free fatty acid removal by the action of high temperature, high vacuum and with live steam applied directly to the oil. Physical refining, also frequently referred to as ""steam refining"", may more accurately be described as distillative deacidification. This process normally precedes deodorisation within the same unit.

A certificate issued by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to satisfy import regulations of foreign countries; indicates that a U.S. shipment has been inspected and found free from harmful pests and plant diseases.

Petrochemical Industry Association of Taiwan

Person in charge

A chemical or electrochemical method of removing mill scale, rust and similar coating from steel

Solution used for pickling. The pickling bath is normally composed of acids, but can in electrolytic pickling consistent of a salt solution

The act of calling for freight by truck at the consignor’s shipping platform.

The structure perpendicular to the shoreline to which a vessel is secured for the purpose of loading and unloading cargo.

A shipment loaded into a container at the pier or terminal, thence to the consignee’s facility.

Containers loaded at port of loading and discharged at port of destination.

At any bulking installation loading, unloading and other pumping lines are used interchangeably for different types of oils or different products of the same oil. The oil left behind in any pipeline after the pumping operation could be as much as 5-10 tonnes, depending upon the length and diameter of pipeline. In order to recover the oil fully and to avoid contamination with other oils, the cleaning operation of the internal surface of the pipeline known as ""pigging"" is carried out. This is done by blowing ""pigs"" through pipelines by compressed air or nitrogen.

A mobile container–handling crane used to load/unload containers to/from railcars.

A transportation arrangement in which truck trailers with their loads are moved by train to a destination. Also known as Rail Pigs.

Poison Inhalation Hazard. Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled.

A dike constructed of a group of piles braced and lashed together along a riverbank

A vessel equipped for pile driving operations

A vessel from which pilots operate

Process of piloting a ship.

P & I Oil Pollution Indemnity Clause

A vessel equipped to carry small stones and aggregates and to deliver them via a flexible fall pipe system to bury pipes and cables on the sea bed

A platform supply ship equipped with increased scantlings & longer deck space for the transportation of pipes

Means stop talking and be quiet. The Pipe Down was the last signal from the Bosun's pipe each day which meant "lights out" and "silence".

A vessel primarily equipped to lay solid or flexible pipes on the sea bed

A pipe layer also equipped with a large crane or derrick

A jack up offshore pipe layer platform

A semi submersible offshore pipe layer platform

Line of pipe equipped with pumps and valves and other control devices for moving liquids and gases. It is one of the main modes of transport for many chemicals, including olefins, the main building blocks of the petrochemical industry.

A traditional industry name for crude distillation units. The term generally applies to atmospheric stills. "Vacuum pipestill," used infrequently, refers to vacuum distillation units.

A corroded hollow in a metal surface, caused by localized corrosion (pitting)

Ship Stability: is when the vessel rotates about the transverse (side-to-side) axis

Petroleum Institute of Thailand

Localized corrosion resulting in pits, i.e. cavities extending from the surface into the metal

Lowest value of a corrosion potential at which pit initiation is possible in a passive surface in a given corrosive environment

Partially knocked down

Package

Protectively Located spaces (Marpol 13g)

Place where cargo leaves the care and custody of carrier.

Location where cargo enters the care and custody of carrier.

Any of numerous synthetic materials that consist of giant molecules called polymers, with extremely long chains of repeating units derived from short molecules. Plastics can be formed into products by molding or otherwise shaping. The two major divisions of plastics are the thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins. Raw materials for plastics include coal and cellulose, but by far the chief source is petroleum. Because of their easy manipulation, economical manufacture, low specific gravity, and resistance to corrosion, plastics have replaced metal, wood, glass, and other materials in many applications. An immense array of plastic industrial and consumer goods is available.

The process of creating a solid crystal structure in a fat or oil product resulting in a smooth appearance and firm consistency.

A plasticizer is a substance which when added to a material, usually a plastic, makes it flexible, resilient and easier to handle. Modern plasticizers are manmade organic chemicals; the majority of which are esters, such as adipates and phthalates. They are major components that determine the physical properties of polymer products. There are more than 300 different types of plasticizers; the most commonly used are phthalates.

Plastics Manufacturers Association, the plastics programme of Cefic.

A vessel for the transportation of stores and goods to offshore platforms on an open deck, typically at the stern. May also be fitted with specialist under deck tanks for water, cement and/or drilling mud

Public Limited Company

Pipeline End Manifold

A Plimsoll line or mark shows the safe 'freeboard' (distance from water to weather deck). There are 6 load lines as follows:Tropical Fresh, Fresh, Tropical, Summer, Winter, Winter North Atlantic.

A series of horizontal lines, corresponding to the seasons of the year and fresh or saltwater, painted on the outside of a ship marking the level which must remain above the surface of the water for the vessel’s stability.

Please

Per Long Ton

Port liner term charge

Per month or Afternoon

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is made from methyl methacrylate and is mainly used in the construction industry, lighting applications, signs, automotive and related areas, electronics and consumer-ware.

Passing Muscat outbound

Provided minimum quantity supplied

APPE Petrochemicals Market Research Committee. APPE is a major group within the Association of Petrochemicals Producers in Europe (APPE). For more information, click here.

Per Metric Ton

Propylene Oxide. A petrochemical used as a monomer in polymer production and as an intermediate in the synthesis of other substances. Propylene oxide is used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of polyurethane foam, in propylene glycol and in other products used in specialty resins and solvents.

Push-on/push-off

Place of acceptance

Pilot On Board or Port Office Box

Port of call

Paid On delivery or Port of Discharge or Proof of Delivery

The place at which a shipment is received by a carrier from the shipper.

The unit of absolute viscosity. The trade often uses centipoises. One poise equals 100 centipoises.

Petroleum, oil and lube Or Port of Loading

See Miscible

A vessel equipped for the primary function of pollution control. Typical types include oil spill recovery vessel and a pollution and debris collector

A family of thermoplastic engineering resins made by the polymerization of an acrylic compound such as methyl methacrylate.

Polycarbonate resins, derived from bisphenol A, are used for structural parts, impact resistant glazing, street-light bulbs, household appliance parts, components of electrical/electronic devices, automotive applications, reusable bottles, and food and drink containers. It is also a building block used to make epoxy resins for coatings, electrical laminants, composites and adhesives.

Polycarbonates are a particular group of thermoplastics.They are easily worked, molded, and thermoformed; as such, these plastics are very widely used in modern manufacturing. Polycarbonate is becoming more common in housewares as well as laboratories and in industry. It is often used to create protective features, for example in banks as well as vandal-proof windows and lighting lenses for many buildings

Any of a group of polymers that consist basically of repeated units of an ester and are used especially in making fibers or plastics. Polyesters can be made into woven and knitted fabrics, either alone or blended with other fibers; they also have industrial applications such as ropes, filters, conveyor belts, and tyre cords.

A polymer of ethylene, especially any of various lightweight thermoplastics that are resistant to chemicals and moisture, have good insulating properties, and are used especially in packaging and insulation.

Polyisobutylene is a synthetic rubber, or elastomer. It is special because it is that only rubber that is gas impermeable, that is, it is the only rubber which can hold air for long periods of time. Polyisobutylene, sometimes called butyl rubber is a vinyl polymer, and is very similar to polyethylene and polypropylene in structure.

Polymer is derived from the Greek word poly meaning many while the term monomer is derived from mono meaning one. When identical simple molecules (monomers) come together and link up in a chain-like fashion they form a polymer. Polymers can be short chains of only a few dozen units, or long chains with millions of units. The chemical reaction that forms a polymer is called polymerization. There are natural polymers (often referred to as biopolymers) such as cellulose, rubber and DNA, and synthetic polymers such as polyethylene, nylon and PVC.

A strand of monomers. By [Definition], it takes five or more of these combining units to make a polymer. Shorter chains have individual names (dimer, trimer, and tetramer). Most familiar synthetic polymers, plastics like polystyrene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride for instance, contain a huge number of monomers--practically too many to count.

Tank cleaning: The initial wash of products that tend to polymerise should be carried out with cold (ambient) water. Washing with hot water may result in polimeric residues being left in tanks and lines, which are very difficult to remove.

The bonding of similar molecules into long chains or branched structures.

The property of fat molecules to exist in multiple crystalline structures; identified as alpha, beta and beta prime.